Supreme Court Term 09

  • November 2, 2009
    The Supreme Court has added to its docket cases involving tax, bankruptcy court proceeding questions and the reach of the National Labor Relations Board. The high court also released its oral argument calendar for the session starting January 11, 2010. The cases added today are:

    Hamilton, Chapter 13 Trustee v. Lanning, which involves evidence considered by a bankruptcy court.
    New Process Steel v. National Labor Relations Board, involving ability of the National Labor Relations Board to take action when some of its members are not present.
    Levin, Tax Commissioner of Ohio v. Commerce Energy, Inc., involving jurisdictional questions of the Tax Injunction Act.

    For analysis of the cases, see SCOTUSblog here

    The justices also rejected a plea from the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit to review a federal judge's decision that allowed prosecutors in Mississippi to charge a Ku Klux Klansman for a kidnapping that happened more than 40 years ago. The Fifth Circuit argued that the judge's decision should be nullified because too much time had passed for prosecutors to charge James Ford Seale. The justices, without comment, let stand the federal judge's ruling that the statute of limitations had not expired on a federal kidnapping charge against Seale, reported The Associated Press. The news service noted that Justices John Paul Stevens and Antonin Scalia said the Court should have reviewed the matter in U.S. v. Seale.

    The high court returned to hearing oral argument today and will consider a couple of high-profile criminal procedural cases on Wednesday. In Pottawattamie County v. McGhee, the justices will consider the liability of prosecutors who relied on false testimony to win a murder conviction. Martin Magnusson provides pre-argument analysis of Pottawattamie for ACSblog here. In Wood v. Allen, the high court will review a case on federal involvement in a state criminal proceeding. 

  • October 7, 2009
    Guest Post

    By Brian Maloney. Maloney is a 2009 graduate of Boston University School of Law and a member of the 2009 class of ACS Next Generation Leaders. Maloney is a fellow at a civil rights litigation non-profit in Washington, D.C. and is awaiting admission to the Maryland bar.

    During its second full day of the new term, the Supreme Court heard arguments in United States v. Stevens. Jennifer Liebman first wrote about the case in May on the ACS Blog and I provided an update on October 5.

    Stevens involves 18 U.S.C. § 48, which makes it a federal crime to possess or sell depictions of animal cruelty where the conduct depicted is illegal under Federal law or the law of the State in which the creation, sale, or possession takes place. Mr. Stevens was convicted under the law for selling three videos of dog fights. His conviction was overturned when the Third Circuit found the law unconstitutional.

    In the ACS Supreme Court Preview, Paul M. Smith, a Supreme Court litigator and member of the ACS Board of Directors, discussed the case and the reasons why the Court would grant certiorari (beginning approximately 14 minutes and 30 seconds into the video). His opinion was that the Supreme Court may have granted certiorari here principally because a federal court struck down a federal law and the government sought review. He noted that the lack of a circuit split regarding the constitutionality of the law does not necessarily indicate that the Court took the case to overturn the Third Circuit's decision. Judging from the argument, he may have been correct.

    Neal Katyal, the Principal Deputy Solicitor General of the United States, had just begun his argument when he was interrupted with a question from Justice Sonia Sotomayor, who continued her pattern of active questioning from the first day's arguments. In fact, Justice Sotomayor and the other justices vigorously questioned Mr. Ketyal throughout his argument and several justices signaled their skepticism of the government's argument in favor of the law's constitutionality.

  • September 28, 2009

     

    On Thursday, September 24, 2009 ACS hosted its annual preview of the Supreme Court’s new term, which opens October 5, 2009. A diverse panel of constitutional law experts and litigators highlighted some the Court’s most pressing cases and issues, including the scope of habeas corpus review, limits of police questioning after a right of counsel has been invoked, the ability to challenge the constitutionality of a religious display on public property, and whether the First Amendment limits government regulation of videos depicting animal cruelty. The panelists also discussed unfolding trends on the high court and Justice Sotomayor’s potential to shape those trends.

    The panel featured Thomas C. Goldstein, Partner, Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld, LLP; Michael A. Carvin, Partner, Jones Day; Pamela Harris, Executive Director, Supreme Court Institute at the Georgetown Law Center; Doug Kendall, Founder and President, Constitutional Accountability Center; Lisa Kung, H. Lee Sarokin Director, Southern Center for Human Rights; Deanne E. Maynard, Partner, Morrison & Foerster LLP; Paul M. Smith, Partner, Jenner & Block LLP.

  • September 28, 2009
    Guest Post

    By Martin Magnusson. Mr. Magnusson is an associate at Day Pitney LLP.

    In the groundbreaking case of Miranda v. Arizona, the United States Supreme Court held that police officers must inform suspects of their right to remain silent, to consult with an attorney, to have an attorney present during questioning, and to have an attorney appointed if they cannot afford one. The Miranda opinion also noted that "[i]f the individual states that he wants an attorney, the interrogation must cease until an attorney is present."

    In the subsequent case of Edwards v. Arizona, the Supreme Court addressed a cognate question: What happens when a police officer reads a suspect a Miranda warning, but still asks questions after the suspect invokes the right to counsel? In Edwards, the Court held that statements made in response to such questioning are inadmissible at trial.

    This fall, the Supreme Court will revisit the Miranda-Edwards line of case in Maryland v. Shatzer. Mr. Shatzer, the respondent in this case, was serving a prison sentence on an unrelated crime when a detective first interviewed him. When the detective read Mr. Shatzer his Miranda rights, Mr. Shatzer responded that he wanted an attorney present while the detective asked him questions. The detective wrote in his report, "When I attempted to again initiate the interview, he told me that he would not talk about this case without having an attorney present." The detective then terminated the interview and closed the case. Two years and seven months later, though, a different detective conducted a follow-up investigation. That detective read Mr. Shatzer his Miranda rights and then -- without allowing Mr. Shatzer any access to an attorney -- interrogated him. Mr. Shatzer then confessed that he had committed a crime.